The rather large and old Saxon Braunschweig is located between Hanover and Magdeburg, in Lower Saxony, in its southern part . Strongly injured in the war, this city nevertheless retained a fair share of the former medieval and later, Renaissance beauty . Historically, Braunschweig Famed by several proud names . Heinrich Leuw, the powerful ruler of Bavaria and Saxony, and his wife Matilda, the sister of King Richard the Lionheart, were enlightened monarchs and made the city an important cultural center of the medieval period . Poz day in Braunschweig, a great mathematician of the 18th and 19th centuries was born. Gauss . And, finally, Braunschweig is closely connected with the legend of Eulenspiegel - not in the book . de Coster, but in the reality of the 14th century .

How to get to Braunschweig

The city is on a direct Berlin-Frankfurt railway line, so it's easy to get here by train. In addition, two large autobahns are passing through Braunschweig, including the Berlin-Hannover-Dortmund route

A bit of history

Braunschweig was founded in the early Middle Ages at the ford site across the River Oker and named after the earl of the count . The first written references to Braunschweig as a city are found in the sources of the first half of the 11th century . The most famous local ruler, Heinrich Leuwe, did a lot for the city in the 12th century, and thanks to him Braunschweig grew and bloomed . To her church was built the Cathedral; there were new areas with temples and separate Town Halls . The town acquired a monarch's name with its own symbolic animal - a lion decorated with a coat of arms and, in a sculptural execution, city streets .

The location on the river provided ample opportunities for trade, and in 13 century Braunschweig entered the Hanseatic League . True, the city was constantly shaken by turmoil: its population has always remained socially active and revolutionary-minded .In general, the development of the city did not hinder, as did the short-lived occupation by Napoleon's troops, and the transfer to Prussian power . But during the Second World War, the garrison of the division was deployed in the city, whose soldiers were sent to Poland, Belgium, France and Russia, and during the Allied air raid in 1944 . most of the Old Town with the largest ensemble of half-half-timbered buildings in the whole country was wiped off the face of the earth, along with most churches . On the night of October 15, the center of Braunschweig was flamed with thousands of fires, and it is simply amazing that at least the remained unaffected .

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Entertainment, excursions and attractions in Braunschweig

Main square in Braunschweig - Burgplatz ( Castle Square). It houses a group of buildings of great historical and cultural significance: it is the Cathedral of St. Vlasios, Dankvarderode Castle, the Neo-Gothic Town Hall (built in 1893-1900) and a few miraculously surviving World War II semi-half-timbered houses. Among these are the building of the Guild that is currently occupied by the craft association

The first historical landmark of the city - the former cathedral and now the Lutheran church . This severe Gothic the structure with arched vaults and two symmetrical towers . In the 14-15th centuries the cathedral was significantly rebuilt, and from the 17th century in its crypt began to bury the representatives of the ruling dynasty . Today inside you can see a lot of tombstones of the tsar's blood from the genus Wolff . Among them - Henry Leuve himself and his wife Matilda, and in themselves their tombstone represents a separate work of art and a historical monument .

The bronze lion, the symbol of the city and the monarch's power, was installed in the square in front of the cathedral. This sculpture, weighing almost 9 quintals, today is considered the oldest of the large (street) cast statues of the Middle Ages and also the first sculptural lion of such proportions since the time of Ancient Rome. It is not known who exactly became the author of the sculpture, but Henry Leuve himself believed to have executed the sketch. Today there is a copy on the square, and several copies are placed in other cities of the world, including London.

Dankvarderode Castle is a typical Saxon castle of the "valley" type (in contrast to the architectural style typical for uplands) . It was built between 1160 and 1175 years . and initially was a strong enough fortification . But with the growth of the city around it the fortress quickly lost its defense value . In the 15th century the government residence was moved to nearby Wolfenbüttel, and in The 17th century part of the castle was rebuilt under the Renaissance and part of it was simply abandoned . In the 20th century barracks were located here, and the current construction dates back to the end of the 19th century when it was reconstructed according to archaeological sketches by Ludwig Winter . Today the castle is part of the museum of Duke Anton Ulrich, and on The first floor houses a permanent exposition of medieval artifacts .

The Old Town Hall was built in the Gothic style between the 13th and 15th centuries and is surrounded by Old City Market. Nearby there is a red brick Martinskirche (1195), as well as several old buildings, including the building of the manufacturing guilds of the 13th century, Stechinelli House (1690) and the fountain in 1408 is also notable for the area of ​​the coal market by exquisitely trimmed with the market building, where you can also admire the old fountain (1869). A slender Katharinenkirche church of the 13th century with sharp high towers can be seen in the Hagen market area; in front of it is the fountain of Henry Leuve of the 19th century

A memorable reminder of the old Braunschweig before the bombing of 1944 . is the St. Magnus quarter . Here are preserved paved streets and cheerful half-timbered white-brown houses where small cafes and shops are located . All this is grouped around the main building of the district - the church of Saint Magnus of the 13th century, restrained and strict . Here is more than contrasted the main modern landmark of the city: "Rizzi House" . This is an office building built according to the James project Rizzi, American architect from Brooklyn, follower of pop art . The building was created for the exhibition "Expo-2000" and it looks like a comic book page .

Among the other old churches of the city notable for Romano Gothic Andreaskirche, built in the period from the 13th to the 16th century, with stained glass windows by Charles Cromwell. Next to the church is the oldest freestanding library building in Germany. Also of interest is the Gothic church of Sant'Egidio, built in the 13th century with the adjoining convent, which is now a museum placed.

And on the outskirts of the city is a former Cistercian monastery of Riddagshausen. The territory of the monastery with greenhouses and flower gardens is now declared a national reserve. It is under special protection of the state, as a lot of birds nest here.

Events in Braunschweig

At least from the 13th century, Chauduvel was held in Braunschweig, a medieval North German carnival. And since 1979 the city is hosting the largest in the north of the country, "pink Monday" Rosenmontag, which is called Chauduvel in honor of the former. In addition, the city hosts the annual classical music festival, the largest in the region.